Complications of FESS

Minor post-operative complications of endoscopic sinus surgery like nasal synechiae, small orbital haematoma, mild orbital or subcutaneous emphysema, tooth pain and exacerbation of asthma do not need radiological investigations.

Major complications like CSF leak, severe life threatening intranasal or intracranial haemorrhage, and orbital ecchymosis or emphysema with or without compromise of vision need radiological investigation. Noncontrast CT is enough to assess these problems.

Fig. :Axial section: Showing nasolacrimal duct injury on (L) side (Arrow), due to aggressive uncinectomy.

Fig. :Coronal section: Showing (R) injury to anterior cranial fossa with Meningo-encephalocoele with CSF leak.

Fig. : Coronal section: Showing (R)orbital haemorrhage due to Anterior ethmoidal artery injury.

Fig. : Coronal section: Showing (L) Optic nerve injury due to a bone chip, following ethmoidectomy.

Fig. : Coronal section: Showing (L) injury to anterior cranial fossa with Meningo-encephalocoele with CSF leak.

Fig. : Coronal section: Skull X-ray lateral view showing breach in the anterior cranial fossa and the sucion tip in the anterior cranial fossa.